Biased wheel
A wheel whose physical defects make some pockets more likely than 1/37. Rare, detectable only with thousands of recorded spins.
In context
A loose fretequipmentFretThe metal divider between two pockets on the wheel.Read full →, a tilted rotorequipmentRotorThe spinning part of the wheel that carries the pockets.Read full → or worn pocketsequipmentPocketOne of the 37 numbered compartments on the rotor. Also: slot, cup.Read full → can shift probabilities by fractions of a percent. The Lab explains how to tell that from noise.
Joseph Jagger’s win at Monte Carlo, around 1880, is the famous case. By the earliest account the casino moved its wheels from table to table, then ordered new ones with movable partitions.